Qalqalah “echo” Rules

• The Arabic Alphabets
• Short Vowels (Harakat)
• Long Vowels (Huroof Maddah)
• Soft Vowels (Huroof Leen)
• Tanveen
• Rules of Raa and Laam
• Noon Sakinah & Noon Tanveen
• Idghaam Rules
• Iqlab Rules
• Izhaar Rules
• IKhfaa Rules
• Gunnah Rules
• Qalqala Rules
• Waqf Rules

Qalqalah/Echo letters: the following five letters are Called Qalqala or Echo letters. when these letters are Sakin, we make a little lighter echo sound while pronouncing them and we pronounce them with more force, when they are Mushaddad. 1. Qalqala will be done when Qalqala letter is Sakin. 2. The letter at the end when we make it sakin because of doing Stop on it.